Flame retardants are chemical compounds that inhibit or suppress the spread of fire. They are crucial in enhancing the fire safety of various materials, such as textiles, plastics, and foams. These chemicals work by disrupting the combustion process, either by forming a protective barrier or by promoting the release of gases that inhibit flames. Common types of flame retardants include halogenated compounds, phosphorus-based agents, and mineral fillers like alumina trihydrate. While effective, some flame retardants have raised environmental and health concerns due to their persistence and potential toxicity. As a result, manufacturers are increasingly exploring and adopting safer alternatives to balance fire safety with sustainability and human health. Understanding the function and impact of flame retardants is essential for ensuring fire safety without compromising environmental and health standards.